Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common benign condition that affects men as they age. It is characterized by an enlarged prostate gland that can cause a variety of urinary symptoms, such as difficulty starting or stopping urination, weak urine flow, and frequent or urgent urination.

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The exact cause of BPH is unknown, but it is thought to be related to changes in hormone levels as men age. Other factors that may contribute to the development of BPH include family history, obesity, and certain medications.

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Treatment for BPH can range from watchful waiting to medication or surgery, depending on the severity of symptoms and individual patient factors. Medications that may be prescribed include alpha-blockers, which relax the muscles in the prostate gland and bladder, and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, which shrink the prostate gland. In some cases, minimally invasive procedures or surgery may be recommended. 

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It is important for men experiencing urinary symptoms to seek medical attention, as these symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, such as prostate cancer.